Heat olive oil in a large pot or skillet over medium-high heat. Add the chicken to the pot and cook until browned, about 5 minutes.
Remove the chicken from the pot and set aside. In the same pot, add the onion, red bell pepper, and green bell pepper. Cook until the vegetables are softened, about 6-8 minutes.
Add the garlic, chili powder, cumin, paprika, salt, and black pepper to the pot. Stir to coat the vegetables in the spices.
Pour in the chicken broth, diced tomatoes, diced green chilies, and pasta. Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 10-12 minutes, until the pasta is cooked and the liquid has reduced.
Stir in the cooked chicken and shredded cheddar cheese until melted and combined.
Remove the pot from the heat and sprinkle with chopped fresh cilantro before serving.
Enjoy!